Conifers
Others
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All Conifers
You
can navigate from this page to info on all the conifers in the Pacific
Northwest, organized here by their scientific classification. The
highest grouping in the botanical classification of conifers is the
family. The families are divided into groups called genera. Each
genus contains one or more species. The scientific name of each species
is written using the genus and species name like this using
italics: Genus species. Only the genus name is capitalized. The scientific names of the families are capitalized but not written in italics.
The conifers native to
the Pacific Northwest are members of
just three botanical families: Pine, cypress, and yew.
Each family includes one or more genera.
Each genus includes one or more species.
Pine Family –
Pinaceae
The Pine Family includes
the following genera that are native
to the Northwest.
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Douglas
Fir –
Pseudotsuga
Needles: 1"
long, soft points, all around twig
Cones:
3-pointed bracts
Bark: Brown, deep
furrows
1
native species
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Hemlocks –
Tsuga
Needles: Short,
flat
Cones: Rounded scales
Bark: Gray, small
deep furrows
Has
drooping top.
2
native species
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Firs –
Abies
Needles:
Groomed with soft
points
Cones: Upright
at treetop
Bark: Smooth, gray,
scaly
plates or small furrows
6
native species
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Pines
– Pinus
Needles:
Bundles of 2, 3 or 5
Cones:
Woody
8
native species
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Spruces –
Picea
Needles:
Sharp points, thin, all around twig
Cones: 3"
long, paper-thin scales
Bark:
Gray, scaly
3
native species
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Larches –
Larix
Needles: Bundles
of 25, 1-2" long
Cones: 1-2" long,
whiskery
bracts
Bark Flaky scales,
furrowed
Where: Cascades
2
native species
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Cypress
Family –
Cupressaceae
The
Cypress Family includes trees in several
genera.
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Yew
Family –
Taxaceae
The
Yew
Family includes just one genus and one species.
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Pacific yew
–
Taxus brevifolia
Needles: Flat,
flattened on twig, lighter green
underneath
Fruit:
Red berry-like aril
Bark:
Thin gray scales over smooth red bark
1
native species
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